western expansion

Missouri Compromise

Jacksonian Democracy

Spoil System

Indian Removal Act

Trail of Tears

Doctrine of Nullification

            The Changing of America

Era of Good Feeling Ends

Political economic. Expanding Western, NE manufacturing cotton in south

            Missouri Compromise

New Congressman James Tallmadge proposed slavery be prohibited in Missouri.

Speaker of the House-Henry Clay suggested allowing Maine enter as a free state and Missouri enter as a slave state. Missouri Compromise also excluded slavery North of 36^o30’

Election of 1824

     Republican Split

Clay, John Quincy Adams, William Crawford and Andrew Jackson.

4^th Clay nationalist East (secretary of state)

2^nd Adams well educated aristocrat

3^rd Crawford trying to maintain Jefferson’s ideals

1^st Jackson war here Battle of New Orleans

Old Hickory

Jackson won popular vote but was defeated when clay threw his support to Adams. “Corrupt bargain” Adams not very effective.

6 gentlemen scholars were President

            Election of 1828

Republican Party splits

Jackson followers called themselves Democratic Republicans (Common Man) Democratics.

Adams supporters call themselves National Republican (Republicans)

Old Hickory won in Landslide

Triumph of common man

Election of 1828 more eligible voters

Jacksonian Democracy:

In the past population allowed “betters” governed. But now common man felt he had no “betters”

            Spoil System:

Giving jobs to political backers. Removed many from positions.

            Indian Removal Act:

The growth of cotton plantations pressured Indians of the Creek, Chickasaw, Cherokee and Choctaws.  Many of the best farm land was owned by member of these tribes.

            Adams did not honor a Georgia treaty which angered the southerners and westerners.

            IRA of 1830 moved Indians to public lands west of Mississippi River the new Indian Territory.       

Trail of Tears:

 ¼ of 15,000 perished long the way. Tsa la gi

Sectional Difference

Northeast

Tariffs to protect industries supported government construction/approved

for faster carrier movement of raw materials

and manufactured goods. Disliked the sale of western public land.

Remaining employment base wanted higher wages. 

Western

            Encouraged internal improvements and the sale of public lands at cheap prices.

Southern

            Opposed internal improvement, feared raising tariffs. Saw tariffs as a from of taxation. Helpless against (Northeast and Western)

            Debating States Rights

Southern state backed the western states call for liberal land policy (land made available at a cheap price)

Senator Robert Haynes of South Carolina

            Insisted each state had the right to make the decision pertaining to land sales, abuse use of federal power to cut off land sales.

            Re ignited the States right issued of 1828

                        Vice President John C. Calhoun proposed doctrine of nullification. Congress had no right to pass laws (tariffs) favoring one section over another.

            Webster – Hayne Sectional Debate

                        “stated that states could not withdraw from the Union.”

            President Jackson

                        Our federal union must be preserved!

            Calhoun

                        The union next to our liberty the most dear.

Bank of U.S.

            1832 Congress voted to renew charter of Bank.

                        Jackson vetoed Bill.

He thought Bank officials were lobbying for Congress to pass friendly law. Jackson called the Bank a Monopoly.

            After Reelection Jackson withdrew money from federal Bank and deposited it in the state Banks.

            Which caused finished chaos/depression. Panic of 1837 during Martin Can Buren’s Term.