-Chapter 13 European Middle Ages

Section 1 Germanic Kingdoms unite under Charlemagne

1.       Invasions Trigger Changes in Western Europe

·         The Decline of learning

·         Loss of a common language

2.       Germanic Kingdoms Emerge

·         The concept of government changes

·         The Franks under Clovis

3.       Germanic peoples adopt Christianity

·         Monasteries and convents

·         Gregory I expands Papal Power

4.       A European Empire Evolves

·        Clovis Descendants

·        Charlemagne extends Frankish Rule

5.       Charlemagne Takes Center Stage

·         Charlemagne Government

·         Cultural Revival

·         Charlemagne Heirs Are Weak Rulers

Section 2 Feudalism in Europe

New Invasions Trouble Western Europe

·         Vikings raiders, Traders and Explorers

·         Magyars and Muslims

        Feudalism Structures Society

·         A new social order

·         The feudal pyramid

·         Social classes are well defined

        Manors: the economic side of feudalism

·         A self-contained world

·         The harshness of manor life

Section 3 the Age of Chivalry

        Warrior on horseback

·         Saddles and stirrups

·         The warriors role in feudal society

         Knighthood and chivalry

·         War games for glory

·         Brutal reality of warfare

         Literature of chivalry

·         Epic poetry

·         Love poems and songs

          Shifting roles of women

·         Women in power

·         Women falling status

Section 4 the church wields power

         The scope of church authority

·         Church structure

·         Religion as a unifying force

·         Church justice

        The church and the Holy Roman Empire

·         Otto I allies with the church

·         Signs of future conflicts

         Holy Roman Emperor clashes with the pope

·         Showdown at Canossa

·         Concordat of worms

         Renewed church conflicts under Frederick I

         German states remain separate