Mrs. MacColl's Biology Page

Life is Cellular

Study Guide

Be sure to understand the following biology terms.  By defining these terms in your own words and by giving an example of the following terms you will begin to understand their meaning.  (Example:  a stimulus is a change in environment or anything a living thing responds to.  An example of a stimulus is a loud noise.)

Biology IH & Biology I  

  • Carbohydrate

  • Lipid

  • Protein

  • Amino acid

  • Nucleic acid

  • DNA

  • RNA

  • ATP

  • Prokaryote

  • Eukaryote

  • Cytoskeleton

  • Cell membrane

  • Selective permeability

  • Carbohydrate chain – in depth BIH ONLY

  • Hypertonic

  • Hypotonic

  • Isotonic

  • Nucleus

  • Nuclear envelope

  • Nucleolus

  • Cytoplasm

  • Chromatin

  • Endoplasmic reticulum (smooth and rough)

  • Ribosome (free and attached)

  • Golgi apparatus

  • Mitochondria

  • Cristae – in depth BIH ONLY

  • Matrix – in depth BIH ONLY

  • Lysosome

  • Cell wall

  • Chloroplast

  • Vacuole

  • Diffusion and osmosis

  • Equilibrium

  • Active and passive transport

  • Endocytosis and exocytosis

  • Ion channel – in depth BIH ONLY

  • Transport proteins:  carrier and channel – in depth BIH ONLY

  • Facilitated diffusion

  • Sodium-potassium pump – in depth BIH ONLY

  • Receptor protein – in depth BIH ONLY

  • Marker protein – in depth BIH ONLY

  • Enzyme

  • Phospholipid bilayer

  • Peripheral and integral proteins – in depth BIH ONLY

  

Be able to answer the following questions thoroughly!

 

  • What are the ideas of the Cell Theory?

  • What are the similarities and the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

  • What are the similarities and differences between the animal and plant cells?

  • What are the functions of all the organelles in both the animal and plant cell?

  • What is the relationship between cells, tissues and organs?

  • What are the four organic compounds in a cell?

  • What organic compounds make up the cell membrane and the cell wall?

  • Explain the importance and the function of a semi-permeable membrane.

  • Compare and contrast diffusion and osmosis.

  • Compare and contrast active and passive transport and give examples of each.

  • Compare and contrast endocytosis and exocytosis.

  • Explain the steps of processing a protein. – BIH ONLY

  • Thoroughly explain how the cell membrane allows materials in and out of the cell. – BIH ONLY

If you study, starting today, with the help of this study guide, you will do super! Good Luck!