Mrs. MacColl's Biology Page

DNA & Protein Synthesis

Study Guide

Be sure to understand the following biology terms.  By defining these terms in your own words and by giving an example of the following terms you will begin to understand their meaning.  (Example:  a stimulus is a change in environment or anything a living thing responds to.  An example of a stimulus is a loud noise.)

Biology IH & Biology I

  • Purines

  • Pyrimidines

  • Adenine

  • Thymine

  • Guanine

  • Cytosine

  • Double helix

  • Nucleotide

  • Deoxyribose

  • Chargaff’s ratio

  • Complementary base pair

  • DNA replication

  • DNA helicase – BIH only

  • DNA polymerase – BIH only

  • Replication fork

  • RNA

  • Uracil

  • Transcription

  • Translation

  • RNA polymerase – BIH only

  • mRNA

  • Codon

  • Genetic code

  • tRNA

  • Anticodon

  • rRNA

  • Promoter – BIH only

  • Introns – BIH only

  • Exons – BIH only

Be able to answer the following questions thoroughly!

 

  • Compare and contrast the DNA and the RNA molecule.

  • Thoroughly explain the contributions of Wilkins, Franklin, Chargaff, and Pauling to Watson and Crick’s discovery of the structure of DNA.

  • Summarize the process of DNA replication and how errors are corrected during DNA replication. – BIH only

  • Summarize both transcription and translation. – BIH only

  • Compare and contrast three types of RNA.

  • Be able to translate the sequence of DNA to mRNA and tRNA.

  • Be able to use the genetic code to identify amino acids that make up a protein.

Remember, any material from past tests is fair game!  This test covers some challenging information.  If you study a little bit everyday, using this study guide, you will do AWESOME!  Good Luck!